船

船 U+8239, 船 ← 舸[U+8238] CJK Unified Ideographs 舺 →[U+823A] Stroke order

The top-right part can be either 八 or 几, depending on the script; Japanese: 船, mainland China: 船, traditional Chinese: 船, Korean: 船; see Han unification.

船 (Kangxi radical 137, 舟+5, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 竹卜金口 (HYCR) or 竹卜竹弓口 (HYHNR), four-corner 28460, composition ⿰舟㕣)

• 𪮥 𬼔 𬜕 𰈧 𥂟

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1010, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30407
• Dae Jaweon: page 1468, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3060, character 1
• Unihan data for U+8239

trad. 船 simp. # 船 alternative forms 舩

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɦljon): semantic 舟 (“boat”) + phonetic 㕣 (OC *lon).

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-lawŋ (“boat”). Compare Burmese လောင်း (laung:, “long and narrow boat”), and Mizo lawng (“boat or ship”).

Sagart (1999) interprets Old Chinese 船 (OC *ɦljon) as a nominal derivate of the verb 沿 (OC *lon, “to go downstream a river”). The Fangyan states that this word was commonly used in western China, but, by Han times, it had completely displaced the earlier 舟 (OC *tjɯw), used in central and eastern China.

Alternatively, the Proto-Sino-Tibetan root could be a loan from Proto-Mon-Khmer *d₂lu(u)ŋ ~ *d₂l(u)əŋ (“boat”), whence Mon ဂၠုၚ် (klɜ̀ŋ, “canoe, small boat”), perhaps a derivate of Proto-Mon-Khmer *luŋh ~ *luuŋh ~ *ləŋh (“to hollow, excavate, bore”), see Khmer លុង (lung, “to dig a hole”) and Vietnamese trũng (“concave”) (Sidwell, 2006; Schuessler, 2007).

船

1. watercraft; vessel (including ships, boats, sailing ships, hovercrafts; sometimes including submarines) (Classifier: 條／条 m; 艘 m; 隻／只 m c mn mn-t; 架 c)
   • 來去江口守空船，繞船明月江水寒。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]来去江口守空船，绕船明月江水寒。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: 816, Bai Juyi, 琵琶行Láiqù jiāngkǒu shǒu kōng chuán, rào chuán míngyuè jiāngshuǐ hán. [Pinyin](please add an English translation of this usage example)
2. an object with a shape or function similar to watercraft 太空船 ― tàikōngchuán ― spaceship
3. (Hong Kong Cantonese, chiefly university slang) scholarship 攞船／𫽋船 [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― lo2 syun4 [Jyutping] ― to receive scholarship
4. (obsolete) alcohol cup
5. (obsolete) to carry by watercraft
6. (obsolete, dialectal) button
7. a surname, Chuan

• (watercraft):

• (scholarship): 獎學金／奖学金 (jiǎngxuéjīn)

Others:

• → Manchu: ᠴᡠᠸᠠᠨ (cuwan)
  • → Yukjin Korean: 촨 (chwan)

• “船”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014-

Shinjitai 船 Kyūjitai[1] 船󠄂船+󠄂?(Adobe-Japan1) 船󠄄船+󠄄?(Hanyo-Denshi)(Moji_Joho) The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.See here for details.

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

1. ship, vessel, large ship

• Go-on: ぜん (zen)
• Kan-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)
• Kun: ふな (funa, 船, Jōyō †)、ふね (fune, 船, Jōyō)
• Nanori: ふな (funa)、ふね (fune)

Kanji in this term 船 せんGrade: 2 on’yomi

船(せん) • (-sen)

1. ship (of a particular purpose) イカ釣(つ)り船(せん) ― ikatsuri-sen ― a squid-fishing ship 密漁(みつりょう)船(せん) ― mitsuryō-sen ― a poaching ship

Kanji in this term 船 ふねGrade: 2 kun’yomi For pronunciation and definitions of 船 – see the following entry. 【ふね】 [noun] 船, 舟: [from 712] a boat: [noun] [from 712] a ship, vessel, larger ship [noun] 船, 舟, 槽: [from 712] a box for storing: [noun] 船, 舟: [from 712] a container used for storing liquids such as water and sake [noun] 船, 舟: [unknown] a box used for pressing sake and soy sauce [noun] 船, 舟, 槽: [from c. 934] a horse trough [noun] 船, 舟: [from c. 1797] a coffin [noun] 船, 舟: [unknown] the base of a shallow container that fish, shellfish, and sashimi is sold out of [noun] 船, 舟: [from 1840] a box used to store candy [noun] 船, 舟: [from mid. Edo period] an 桶 (oke) used to store rice and grains [noun] 船, 舟: [from 1463] a container for storing bonsai trees and other objects [noun] 船, 舟: [unknown] a treasure ship [noun] 船, 舟: [from 1829] abbreviation of 引船 (hikifune, “a tugboat”); seating at a theatre that directly faces the stage [noun] This term needs a translation to English. [noun] 船, 舟: [from 1786] synonym of 船饅頭 (funamanjū, “a prostitute who worked from a boat on the river Sumida”) [counter] 船, 舟, 槽: items in a box-shaped container (This term, 船, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) Kanji in this term 船 ふなGrade: 2 kun’yomi For pronunciation and definitions of 船 – see the following entry. 【ふな】 [noun] 船, 舟: a boat: [noun] a ship, vessel, larger ship (This term, 船, is an alternative spelling (larger boat, ship) of the above term.)

• 船出(ふなで) (funade)
• 船荷(ふなに) (funani)
• 船乗(ふなの)り (funanori)
• 船便(ふなびん) (funabin)
• 船酔(ふなよ)い (funayoi)

• “船”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015-2026

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “what is its historical reading?”)

船 (eumhun 배 선 (bae seon))

1. hanja form? of 선 (“ship; boat; vessel”)

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

• Kun: ぷにー (punī, 船)

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *pune, from Proto-Japonic *punay.

• IPA(key): /pʰuniː/

船(ぷにー) (punī)

1. boat

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

• Kun: ふに (funi, 船)

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *pune, from Proto-Japonic *punay.

• IPA(key): /fu̥ni/

船(ふに) (funi)

1. boat

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

• Kun: ふに (funi)

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *pune, from Proto-Japonic *punay.

• IPA(key): /ɸuni/

船(ふに) (funi)

1. boat

船: Hán Việt readings: thuyền[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] 船: Nôm readings: thờn[1], thuyền[3]

1. chữ Hán form of thuyền (“boat”)
2. chữ Nôm form of thờn (“used in thờn bơn (“a fish of the taxonomic order Pleuronectiformes”)”)

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

• Kun: ふに (funi, 船)

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *pune, from Proto-Japonic *punay.

• IPA(key): /ɸuni/

船(ふに) (funi)

1. boat

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

• Kun: んに (nni, 船)

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *pune, from Proto-Japonic *punay.

• IPA(key): /nni/

船(んに) (nni)

1. boat