染 U+67D3, 染 ← 柒[U+67D2] CJK Unified Ideographs 柔 →[U+67D4]
染 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水弓木 (END), four-corner 34904, composition ⿱氿木(GJKV) or ⿱氿𣎳(HT))
- 媣, 𫽦, 蒅, 𩃵
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 519, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14621
- Dae Jaweon: page 907, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1188, character 7
- Unihan data for U+67D3
trad. 染 simp. # 染
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 氵 (“water”) + 九 (“hook”) + 木 (“tree”) – to hang (on a hook 九) from a tree (木) into water (氵), so as to dye.
Earlier forms more often graphically 氵 + 杂; in the modern form, the water radical is moved upward to the upper-left corner.
Coblin (1986) compares this to Tibetan ཉམས་པ (nyams pa, “be stained, tarnished, spoiled”); Pan (1987) also notes Proto-Tai *ɲuɔmᴬ as well as Vietnamese nhuộm, both meaning “to dye”.
Schuessler (2007) cites Downer (1986)’s opinion that form with 上 (shàng) tone is the verb, while form with 去 (qù) tone is the noun meaning “kind of cloth” (Lǐjì).
染
- to dye 把頭髮染成棕色／把头发染成棕色 ― bǎ tóufà rǎn chéng zōngsè ― to dye one’s hair brown
- 共和國的旗幟上有我們血染的風采 [MSC, trad.]共和国的旗帜上有我们血染的风采 [MSC, simp.]From: 1986, 血染的風采gònghéguó de qízhì shàng yǒu wǒmen xuè rǎn de fēngcǎi [Pinyin]The flag of our Republic has our blood-stained glory.
- to catch (a disease); to fall into (a bad habit) 染上破傷風／染上破伤风 ― rǎn shàng pòshāngfēng ― to get tetanus
- a surname, Ran
- “染”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014-
(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)
- to dye, to color, to paint, to stain, to print
- Go-on: ねん (nen)←ねん (nen, historical)←ねむ (nemu, ancient)
- Kan-on: ぜん (zen)←ぜん (zen, historical)←ぜむ (zemu, ancient)
- Kan’yō-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)←せん (sen, historical)←せむ (semu, ancient)
- Kun: しみ (shimi, 染み, Jōyō)、そめる (someru, 染める, Jōyō)、しみる (shimiru, 染みる, Jōyō)、そまる (somaru, 染まる, Jōyō)
From Middle Chinese 染 (MC nyemX).
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jɘ(ː)m]
- Phonetic hangul: [염(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
染 (eumhun 물들일 염 (muldeuril yeom))
- hanja form? of 염 (“dye”)
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
染: Hán Việt readings: nhiễm[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] 染: Nôm readings: nhuốm[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], nhuộm[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], nhẹm[1][3][4], ruộm[3], vẩn[3], nhiếm[6], nhuôm[6]
- chữ Hán form of nhiễm (“to inadvertently take in something bad for one’s health”)
- chữ Nôm form of nhuốm
- (literary) to dye with
- (literary, usually used for works of art) to be drenched with
- chữ Nôm form of nhuộm (“to change or deepen the color of something; to dye”)
