果

果 U+679C, 果 ← 枛[U+679B] CJK Unified Ideographs 枝 →[U+679D] Stroke order

果 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+4, 8 strokes, Cangjie input 田木 (WD), four-corner 60904, composition ⿻日木)

• 㞅, 敤, 㪙, 㼫, 夥, 顆 (颗), 褁, 巢, 巣, 菓, 彙, 彚, 窠, 㾧, 臝, 裹
• 倮, 堁, 婐, 惈, 捰, 淉, 猓, 棵, 㷄, 腂, 䂺, 祼, 稞, 裸, 粿, 綶, 蜾, 㚌, 課 (课), 踝, 躶, 輠, 錁 (锞), 餜 (馃), 騍 (骒), 髁, 䴹

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 516, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14556
• Dae Jaweon: page 904, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1168, character 11
• Unihan data for U+679C

Pictogram (象形) – fruits on a tree. Related to the original form of 采. Compare 栗 and 某. Unrelated to 喿.

simp. and trad. 果 alternative forms 菓

Possibly related to 卵 (OC *ɡ·roːlʔ, *ɡ·roːnʔ, “egg”) (Sagart and Ma, 2020).

果

1. fruit 水果 ― shuǐguǒ ― fruit 蘋果／苹果 ― píngguǒ ― apple
2. result 結果／结果 ― jiéguǒ ― result 後果／后果 ― hòuguǒ ― consequence
3. sure enough; really 果然 ― guǒrán ― as expected 果真 ― guǒzhēn ― really
   • 言者有言，其所言者特未定也。果有言邪？ [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCEYán zhě yǒu yán, qí suǒ yán zhě tè wèi dìng yě. Guǒ yǒu yán yé? [Pinyin]The speaker has (a meaning in) his words. If, however, what he says, be indeterminate (as from a mind not made up), does he then really speak or not?
4. determined 果敢 ― guǒgǎn ― resolute and courageous
5. to fill 果腹 ― guǒfù ― to fill one’s stomach
6. (literary) to happen as intended; to be successful; to reach a goal 不果 ― bùguǒ ― to be unsuccessful
   • 南陽劉子驥，高尚士也，聞之，欣然親往。未果，尋病終。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然亲往。未果，寻病终。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: The Peach Blossom Spring (桃花源記), by Tao Yuanming, 421 (Wiktionary translation)Nányáng Liú Zǐjì, gāoshàng shì yě, wén zhī, xīnrán qīn wǎng. Wèiguǒ, xún bìng zhōng. [Pinyin]Liu Ziji of Nanyang was a noble scholar who heard of this, and joyously set out for it, but to no avail; he died of illness shortly afterwards.
7. (literary) finally; at last
   • 晉侯在外十九年矣，而果得晉國。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]晋侯在外十九年矣，而果得晋国。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCEJìn hóu zàiwài shíjiǔ nián yǐ, ér guǒ dé Jìnguó. [Pinyin]Duke Wen of Jin was exiled from Jin for nineteen years, and yet still became the King of Jin in the end.
8. (literary) actually Synonyms: 究竟 (jiūjìng), 終究 / 终究 (zhōngjiū)
   • 夫當今生民之患，果安在哉？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]夫当今生民之患，果安在哉？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: 1061, 蘇軾 (Su Shi), 教戰守策Fú dāngjīn shēngmín zhī huàn, guǒ ān zài zāi? [Pinyin](please add an English translation of this usage example)
9. (literary) if indeed; if
   • 是以聖人果可以利其國，不一其用。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]是以圣人果可以利其国，不一其用。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCEShì yǐ shèngrén guǒ kěyǐ lì qí guó, bù yī qí yòng. [Pinyin](please add an English translation of this quotation)
10. a surname

For pronunciation and definitions of 果 – see 裹 (“to wrap; to bind; to encircle; confine; to carry off; etc.”).(This character is the second-round simplified form of 裹).Notes:

• Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.
• Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

• “果”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014-
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “果”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 129.

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

• Go-on: か (ka, Jōyō)←くわ (kwa, historical)
• Kan-on: か (ka, Jōyō)←くわ (kwa, historical)
• Kun: はたす (hatasu, 果たす, Jōyō)、はたす (hatasu, 果す)、はてる (hateru, 果てる, Jōyō)、はて (hate, 果て, Jōyō)、くだもの (kudamono, 果)
• Nanori: み (mi)、あきら (akira)、はた (hata)、はたす (hatasu)、まさる (masaru)

Kanji in this term 果 かGrade: 4 on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 果 (MC kwaX).

• IPA(key): [ka̠]
• (Tokyo) か [káꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]

果(か) • (-ka) ←くわ (-kwa)?

1. pieces of fruit

果(か) • (ka) ←くわ (kwa)?

1. fruit
2. (Buddhism) phala, attained state, result Coordinate term: 因 (in, “cause, factor”)
3. (Buddhism) enlightenment (as the fruits of one’s Buddhist practice) Synonym: 悟り (satori)

Kanji in this term 果 はかGrade: 4 kun’yomi For pronunciation and definitions of 果 – see the following entry. 【量はか】4 [noun] progress (This term, 果, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

• “△果”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015-2026

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [과]

果 (eumhun 열매 과 (yeolmae gwa))

1. hanja form? of 과 (“fruit”)
2. hanja form? of 과 (“result”)

果 (*-kwa)

1. and; with (comitative case marker; attached to multiple connected nouns)

果 follows the grammatical rules of its Middle Korean descendant, which differ from Modern Korean usage. Thus it may be followed by other case markers, such as 叱. Furthermore, in both Old and Middle Korean, “A and B” is expressed as A-kwa B-kwa, instead of Modern Korean A-kwa B.

Unlike in Middle and Modern Korean, 果 did not take any allomorph following a vowel. The Middle Korean allomorph 와 (Yale: -Gwa) was produced by the lenition of Old Korean *k to /ɣ/ between vowels.

• Middle Korean: -과 (-kwa)
  • Korean: -과 (-gwa)
• Middle Korean: -와 (-Gwa) (allomorph following a vowel, produced by intervocalic lenition of *-k)
  • Korean: -와 (-wa)

• 利 (*-li, intimate connective particle)

• 이승재 (Lee Seung-jae) (2000), “차자표기 자료의 격조사 연구 [Chaja pyogi jaryo-ui gyeokjosa yeon’gu, Study of case markers in the Chinese-based orthography [of Korean]]”, in Gugeo Gukmunhak, volume 127, pages 107-132

果: Hán Việt readings: quả[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] 果: Nôm readings: quả[1][2][3], quã[7][8], hủ[3]

1. chữ Hán form of quả
   1. (Northern Vietnam) piece of fruit
   2. (Northern Vietnam, by extension) something round
   3. really; truly
   4. (in compounds) result
2. chữ Nôm form of quả (“used in quày quả (“to turn around and leave with an attitude as if one has better things to do”)”)