散 U+6563, 散 ← 敢[U+6562] CJK Unified Ideographs 敤 →[U+6564]
散 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+8, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 廿月人大 (TBOK), four-corner 48240, composition ⿰⿱龷月攵)
- 撒, 潵, 橵, 糤, 繖, 鏾, 饊, 霰, 䉈
- サ
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 472, character 34
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13265
- Dae Jaweon: page 825, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1465, character 15
- Unihan data for U+6563
trad. 散 simp. # 散 alternative forms
The original version visible on oracle bone script is 㪔, hence Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 林 (“trees, forest”) + 攴 (“to knock, to tap”), also written with hemp stalks 𣏟 (> 𢽳) or bamboo 竹 instead of two trees. The original meanings are “to clear a place from vegetation; to kill”. The character later started meaning “to dissipate, to disperse” since bamboo in particular breaks easily into pieces; eventually, the meaning shifted to “to walk around, to stroll”.
Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *saːnʔ, *saːns): semantic 肉 + phonetic 𢽳, written as 𣀙, in which 林 is well visible on top.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sjwar ~ g/b-sjwa-n/t (“flow; pour; scatter; spill; sow; broadcast”). Cognate with 撒 (OC *saːd, “to cast away; to let go”), 宣 (OC *sqʰon, “to spread; to proclaim”), Tibetan འཆོར་བ (‘chor ba, “to escape; to flow out”), Burmese သွန် (swan, “to pour out; to spill”), Lahu šē (“to sow; to broadcast”), Lahu šêʔ (“to pour; to spill; to disperse; to sow; to broadcast”).
散
- free and unfettered
- natural and restrained; at ease
- loose; free
- to become loose; to break apart; to fall apart
- scattered; fragmentary; odd; apart; sporadic; temporary
- mixed and disorderly; miscellaneous; random
- (literature) free from parallelism
- careless; incautious; inattentive
- ordinary; useless
- (traditional Chinese medicine) medicine in powder form 蒙脫石散／蒙脱石散 ― méngtuōshí sàn ― Montmorillonite powder
- 若病結積在內，針藥所不能及，當須刳割者，便飲其麻沸散，須臾便如醉死無所知，因破取。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]若病结积在内，针药所不能及，当须刳割者，便饮其麻沸散，须臾便如醉死无所知，因破取。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]From: Chen Shou, Records of the Three Kingdoms, circa 3rd century CERuò bìng jiéjī zàinèi, zhēnyào suǒ bùnéng jí, dāng xū kūgē zhě, biàn yǐn qí Máfèi-sàn, xūyú biàn rú zuì sǐ wú suǒ zhī, yīn pòqǔ. [Pinyin]When a disease was pent-up within the body, and acupuncture and medicines could not reach it, and an operation is necessary, the patient would drink mafeisan, and soon he would lie as if a dead drunkard, completely unaware of his surroundings. Hua Tuo would then cut open his body and take out the locus.
- (Hokkien) to sprinkle; to spread (such as salt, powder, wood, ashes, medicinal powder, sawdust, fuel, etc.)
- (Quanzhou and Tong’an Hokkien) to put on the fire (such as wood or fuel)
- (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to gobble; to devour; to gorge
- (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) casually; at random; carelessly; haphazardly; randomly; as one pleases; without restraint or goal
trad. 散 simp. # 散 alternative forms 剼／𱐠 Hokkien
散
- to break up; to disperse; to scatter
- to distribute; to disseminate
- to open; to open wide
- to dissipate; to distract; to find diversion
- to run away; to escape; to flee
- to express; to declare; to explain
- to end; to finish; to be over
- to lose; to miss
- to herd; to graze; to walk (animals)
- chaotic; helter-skelter
- (Hokkien) to induce sweat
- (Hokkien) buttoned; fastened with a Chinese button knot or button; buckled; clasped 長衫散裙／长衫散裙 [Hokkien] ― tn̂g-saⁿ sàm-kûn [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― long gown and full flowing skirt (full Ming dynasty dress)
- (Mainland China Hokkien) courageous; fearless
- (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Philippine Hokkien) to stroll; to saunter; to go for a walk
- (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) poor Alternative forms: 窮 / 穷, 貧 / 贫
- 自細漢 家庭真窮 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]自细汉 家庭真穷 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]chū sè-hàn, ka-têng chin sàn [Pe̍h-ōe-jī](please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (poor):
(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)
- scatter
- Go-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
- Kun: ちらかす (chirakasu, 散らかす, Jōyō)、ちる (chiru, 散る, Jōyō)、ちらす (chirasu, 散らす, Jōyō)、ちらかる (chirakaru, 散らかる, Jōyō)、ばら (bara, 散)
- “△散”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015-2026
散 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune-Reischauer san, Yale san)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
散: Hán Nôm readings: tản, tảng, tan, tởn, tán
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
