弱 U+5F31, 弱 ← 弰[U+5F30] CJK Unified Ideographs 弲 →[U+5F32] Stroke order
弱 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+7, 10 strokes, Cangjie input 弓一弓戈一 (NMNIM), four-corner 17127, composition ⿰⿹弓冫⿹弓冫(GHTJ) or ⿰⿹弓𰀪⿹弓𰀪(KV))
- 嫋 嵶 愵 搦 溺 鰯 𪝟 𠺁 𡎳 𡲳 𢞔 䐞 榒 篛 糑 蒻 𦩸
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 358, character 24
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9791
- Dae Jaweon: page 675, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 996, character 16
- Unihan data for U+5F31
simp. and trad. 弱 2nd round simp. ⿹弓冫 alternative forms 𢐅𭋘
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 弓 (“bow”) + 彡 (“hair, meaning “decoration” in this case”) – a decorative bow that is functionally inferior. Or it might be indicating that the bow is shaking, which implies a worn-out bow.
An alternate etymology is 𢎥 + 𢎥, 𢎥 being a variant of 卷.
Probably cognate with 柔 (OC *mlju, “soft”), see there for more (STEDT).
Schuessler (2007; p. 448) and Hill (2019; p. 21) compare this word to Tibetan ཉོག་ཉོང (nyog nyong, “soft, weak”). Hill also adds Burmese ညက် (nyak, “to be smooth”) to the comparison. From this, one can reconstruct Proto-Sino-Tibetan *njewk.
弱
- weak; feeble 軟弱／软弱 ― ruǎnruò ― weak, feeble
- fragile; delicate
- (weak):
- (antonym(s) of “weak”): 強／强 (qiáng)
For pronunciation and definitions of 弱 – see 傗 (“(Hokkien) loose, softened”).(This character is a variant form of 傗).
- “弱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[4], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014-
Shinjitai 弱 Kyūjitai[1][2][3][4] 弱󠄁弱+󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) 弱󠄃弱+󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi)(Moji_Joho) The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.See here for details.
(Second grade kyōiku kanji)
- weak Antonym: 強
- weakness
- slightly less than
- Go-on: にゃく (nyaku)←にやく (nyaku, historical)
- Kan-on: じゃく (jaku, Jōyō)←じやく (zyaku, historical)
- Kun: よわい (yowai, 弱い, Jōyō)、よわる (yowaru, 弱る, Jōyō)、よわまる (yowamaru, 弱まる, Jōyō)、よわめる (yowameru, 弱める, Jōyō)、わかい (wakai, 弱い)
Kanji in this term 弱 じゃくGrade: 2 kan’on
From Middle Chinese 弱 (MC nyak).
(as a noun)
- (Tokyo) じゃく [jáꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])[5]
- IPA(key): [d͡ʑa̠kɯ̟]
弱(じゃく) • (jaku) ←じやく (zyaku)?
- weakness
弱(じゃく) • (-jaku) ←じやく (-zyaku)?
- (lengths of time) slightly less than １(いち)時(じ)間(かん)弱(じゃく)ichi-jikan-jakua little bit less than an hour
- (proscribed) slightly more than[6]
- 強(きょう) (-kyō)
From Middle Chinese 弱 (MC nyak).
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ja̠k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [약]
弱 (eumhun 약할 약 (yakhal yak))
- hanja form? of 약 (“weak”) Antonym: 強 (강 (gang))
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [5]
弱: Hán Nôm readings: nhược, ních
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