君

君 U+541B, 君 ← 吚[U+541A] CJK Unified Ideographs 吜 →[U+541C]

君 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, Cangjie input 尸大口 (SKR), four-corner 17607, composition ⿸尹口)

• 侰, 群, 裙, 郡, 捃, 珺, 桾, 宭, 窘, 𠧬, 𠹩, 𫘿, 𡝗, 䞫, 頵(𫖳), 覠(𰴙), 𦌺, 𠲰, 𭊝, 𢽏, 𫺔, 𬂁, 𣇉, 𬱌, 𩂿, 𨧡, 涒, 焄, 𤉙, 桾, 莙, 䇹, 𦀲, 𪣣, 峮, 㟒, 裠, 𧛬, 𬡝, 帬, 𢂽, 𢃆, 𬒽, 輑, 𰺈, 𢧃, 羣, 麏, 鮶(鲪), 鵘

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 177, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3323
• Dae Jaweon: page 394, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 595, character 6
• Unihan data for U+541B

simp. and trad. 君 alternative forms 𠺞𠁈𠱩𠱭𠱰

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *klun): phonetic 尹 (OC *ɢʷlinʔ) + semantic 口. In the oracle bones and early Zhou bronze inscriptions, 君 was often interchanged with 尹. Shuowen suggests that 口 represents commands, but it may simply be decorative.

Unknown. Here are several possibilities:

• Related to Old Mon kmin, kmun (“to exercise royal power; to be king; to reign”) (Schuessler, 2007);
• Related to 尹 (OC *ɢʷlinʔ, “director; governor”) and 元 (OC *ŋon, “head”) and cognate with Tibetan མགོན (mgon, “protector; master; lord”) (Mei Tsu-lin, 1985);
• The *k- prefixed derivative of 尹 (OC *ɢʷlinʔ, “to straighten; to administer”) (Baxter and Sagart, 1998); however, this is phonologically problematic (Schuessler, 2007).

The ACG sense is an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 君 (-kun), which is in turn from Chinese.

君

1. sovereign; monarch; ruler; chief; prince; lord 一國之君／一国之君 ― yīguó zhī jūn ― the ruler of a country
   • 如今本府杖打龍袍如同打君 [MSC, trad.]如今本府杖打龙袍如同打君 [MSC, simp.]From: Justice Baorújīn běnfǔ zhàng dǎ lóngpáo rútóng dǎ jūn [Pinyin]Now, I am beating the dragon robe with a staff as if beating the emperor [himself].
2. (historical) An honorific title: lord
3. (literary, honorific) you; your (referring to a male)
4. A polite form of address used among couples.
5. to dominate; to reign
6. (ACG, Internet slang) -kun
7. (ACG, Internet slang) Affectionate name suffix. 字幕君 ― zìmùjūn ― fansubber
8. a surname, Jun

• (you):

• (ACG) 桑 (sāng, “-san”), 醬／酱 (jiàng, “-chan”), 炭 (tàn, “-tan”), 樣／样 (yàng, “-sama”)

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

1. king, lord, ruler
2. person of high rank
3. form of address to fellow colleagues or inferiors

• Go-on: くん (kun, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: くん (kun, Jōyō)
• Kun: きみ (kimi, 君, Jōyō)
• Nanori: きん (kin)、すえ (sue)、なお (nao)、よし (yoshi)

Kanji in this term 君 きみGrade: 3 kun’yomi Alternative spelling 公 (uncommon)

⟨ki1mi1⟩ → */kʲimʲi/ → /kimi/

From Old Japanese. Possibly a borrowing from the Sillan word for king, written with the character 今 (kum).[1] The same morpheme survives in the second syllable of the Modern Korean word 임금 (imgeum).

• (Tokyo) きみ [kìmí] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
• IPA(key): [kʲimʲi]

君(きみ) • (kimi)

1. a ruler of a country
   1. an emperor Synonyms: 天子 (tenshi), 天皇 (tennō)
   2. a lord

   Antonym: 臣 (omi)

2. a master Synonyms: 主君 (shukun), 主人 (shujin)
3. a nobleman or other person of high(er) rank
4. (historical, archaic) a prostitute
5. (historical) one of the hereditary titles bestowed to local chiefs in ancient Japan

• 大(おお)君(きみ) (ōkimi)
• 君(きみ)が代(よ) (kimigayo)

君(きみ) or 君(キミ) • (kimi)

1. (informal, chiefly men’s speech) second-person personal pronoun: you, thou
   • 1086, Goshūi Wakashū (book 12, poem 669; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 50) 君(きみ)がため惜(を)しからざりし命(いのち)さへ長(なが)くもがなと思(おも)ひけるかなkimi ga tame oshikarazarishi inochi sae nagaku mogana to omoikeru kanaI thought I would give up my life to hold you in my arms, but after a night together, I find myself wishing that I could live for ever.[4]
   • 俺(おれ)は別(べつ)にいいけど…キミ、学(がっ)校(こう)で「知(し)らない人(ひと)について行(い)っちゃダメ」とか、教(おそ)わんなかった？Ore wa betsu ni ii kedo… Kimi, gakkō de “shiranai hito ni tsuite itcha dame” to ka, osowan nakatta?Fine by me… But haven’t you been taught at school that “you shouldn’t go anywhere with strangers”?
   • 来(く)るぞ　カズキ！手(て)を放(はな)すな！キミと私(わたし)は一(いっ)心(しん)同(どう)体(たい)　キミが死(し)ぬ時(とき)が私(わたし)が死(し)ぬ時(とき)だ！Kuru zo Kazuki! Te o hanasu na! Kimi to watashi wa isshin dōtai Kimi ga shinu toki ga watashi ga shinu toki da!Incoming, Kazuki! Don’t let go! You and me, together as one. When you die, I die!
   1. (after a が (ga) or の (no) particle) term of respect to another person

• When used in lyrics and poetry, this word is considered less colloquial and more poetic than in spoken language.

The kimi changes to gimi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

君(ぎみ) • (-gimi)

1. indicates respect 父(ちち)君(ぎみ)chichi-gimiyour father

• There is no direct translation in English – as with other Japanese honorifics, it might roughly correspond to dear, as in “your dear father”.
• Respectful suffixes also serve to indicate whose relative is in question: rather than “my father” and “your father”, one would say 父 (chichi, “father”) and 父君 (chichi-gimi, “dear father”).
• Used of nobles. Attaches to close family relationship nouns such as 母 (haha, “mother”), 姉 (ane, “sister”), 姫 (hime, “daughter of a noble family, princess”).

Kanji in this term 君 くんGrade: 3 on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 君 (MC kjun).

君(くん) • (-kun)

1. suffix for boys’ names
2. indicates respect
3. indicates familiarity

-kun is often used as a suffix when calling someone. The listener is lower or the same level in social position and is often, but not always, male.

• → English: -kun
• → Mandarin: 君 (jūn)

Kanji in this term 君 きんじGrade: 3

/kimud͡ʑi/ → /kind͡ʑi/

Shift from older きむぢ (kimudi → kimuji).[5]

君(きんじ) • (kinji) ←きんぢ (kindi)?

1. second person personal pronoun: you
   • (Fukiage, ge)[6]
   • (Kurabiraki, jō)[7]
   • (Kuniyuzuri, jō)[8]

• あなた (anata)
• 汝(なむち) (namuchi), 汝(なんじ) (nanji)
• 御(お)前(まえ) (omae)

• “君”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[3] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015-2026

From Middle Chinese 君 (MC kjun).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kun]
• Phonetic hangul: [군]

君 (eumhun 임금 군 (imgeum gun))

1. hanja form? of 군 (“sovereign”)
2. hanja form? of 군 (“young man; young sir”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

君: Hán Nôm readings: quân, vua

1. sovereign, monarch, ruler, chief, prince

• Nom Foundation