陰

陰 U+9670, 陰 ← 陯[U+966F] CJK Unified Ideographs 陱 →[U+9671]

陰 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+8, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 弓中人戈戈 (NLOII), four-corner 78231, composition ⿰阝侌)

• 𠽛, 𣼩, 廕(𫷮), 癊, 蔭(荫)

• 阴 (Simplified form of 陰)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1353, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41691
• Dae Jaweon: page 1855, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4138, character 5
• Unihan data for U+9670

trad. 陰 simp. 阴 alternative forms

According to Shuowen, a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qrɯm): semantic 阜 + phonetic 侌 (yīn).

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r(u/i)m (“dark; shade; dusk; twilight”); compare Tibetan རུམ (rum, “darkness”), Jingpho rim (“to be dusk”) (Benedict, 1972; Bodman, 1980; STEDT).

Schuessler (2007) compares it instead to Burmese အုံ့ (um., “to become overcast”), Adi mugyum (“shade; shadow”), Lepcha ᰠᰨᰌᰤᰪᰮ (so-dyŭm, “shade”).

陰

1. cloudy; overcast; gloomy 陰暗／阴暗 ― yīn‘àn ― dark; gloomy 天陰了。／天阴了。 ― Tiān yīn le. ― The sky is overcast. 陰轉晴／阴转晴 ― yīn zhuǎn qíng ― cloudy to fine
2. hidden; secret 陽奉陰違／阳奉阴违 ― yángfèngyīnwéi ― to overtly agree but covertly oppose; to comply in public but oppose in private
3. negative 陰極／阴极 ― yīnjí ― cathode 陰離子／阴离子 ― yīnlízǐ ― anion; negative ion
4. the Moon 太陰／太阴 ― tàiyīn ― moon 陰曆／阴历 ― yīnlì ― lunar calendar
5. shade; shadow 樹陰／树阴 ― shùyīn ― shade of a tree 背陰／背阴 ― bèiyīn ― to be in the shade
6. north of a mountain or south of a river 山陰／山阴 ― shānyīn ― northern side of a mountain 江陰／江阴 ― Jiāngyīn ― Jiangyin (a county situated on the south side of the Yangtze River)
7. back side 碑陰／碑阴 ― bēiyīn ― posterior of a stele
8. of the nether world; of ghosts 陰間／阴间 ― yīnjiān ― afterworld; netherworld 陰陽相隔／阴阳相隔 ― yīnyáng xiànggé ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
9. (philosophy) “female” principle; yin in yin-yang
10. in intaglio 陰文／阴文 ― yīnwén ― intagliated characters or designs
11. treacherous; deceitful; cheating 陰險／阴险 ― yīnxiǎn ― treacherous 好哇，你敢跟我玩兒陰的！ [MSC, trad.]好哇，你敢跟我玩儿阴的！ [MSC, simp.]Hǎo wa, nǐ gǎn gēn wǒ wánr yīn de! [Pinyin]Fine, you dare play dirty with me!
12. (dialectal) to deceive; to trick; to trap 我今兒個讓人給陰了。 [dialectal Mandarin, trad.]我今儿个让人给阴了。 [dialectal Mandarin, simp.]Wǒ jīnrge ràng rén gěi yīn le. [Pinyin]Today I have been tricked by someone.
13. (Chinese phonetics, of a syllable) open; not having a consonant coda
14. (Cantonese) bangs; fringe alt. forms: 𩬎 齊陰／齐阴 [Cantonese] ― cai4 jam1 [Jyutping] ― blunt bangs
15. genitalia (of humans) 陰道／阴道 ― yīndào ― vagina 外陰／外阴 ― wàiyīn ― vulva
    • 大陰人嫪毐 [Classical Chinese, trad.]大阴人嫪毐 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCEdàyīnrén Lào’Ǎi [Pinyin]Lao Ai of the large penis
16. a surname

• 陽／阳 (yáng, “yang”)

The tones (of Chinese) in Mandarin · 聲調 / 声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text) 平仄 (píngzè) 平 (píng)平聲 / 平声 (píngshēng) 仄 (zè)仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) 平上去入 (píngshǎngqùrù)四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) 平 (píng)平聲 / 平声 (píngshēng) 上 (shǎng)上聲 / 上声 (shǎngshēng) 去 (qù)去聲 / 去声 (qùshēng) 入 (rù)入聲 / 入声 (rùshēng) 標調方法 / 标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ)標調法 / 标调法 四角標調法 / 四角标调法 ꜀◌ ꜂◌ ◌꜄ ◌꜆ [Term?] ◌〪 ◌〫 ◌〬 ◌〭 傍點 / 傍点 ∅ ◌〯 ◌〮 ∅ 四聲八調 / 四声八调 陰平 / 阴平 (yīnpíng) 陽平 / 阳平 (yángpíng) 陰上 / 阴上 (yīnshǎng) 陽上 / 阳上 (yángshǎng) 陰去 / 阴去 (yīnqù) 陽去 / 阳去 (yángqù) 陰入 / 阴入 (yīnrù) 陽入 / 阳入 (yángrù) 陰 / 阴 (yīn) 陽 / 阳 (yáng) 標調方法 / 标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ)標調法 / 标调法 四角標調法 / 四角标调法 ꜀◌ ꜁◌ ꜂◌ ꜃◌ ◌꜄ ◌꜅ ◌꜆ ◌꜇ The tones (of Standard Mandarin) in Mandarin · 聲調 / 声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text) 四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) 陰平 / 阴平 (yīnpíng)一聲 / 一声 陽平 / 阳平 (yángpíng)二聲 / 二声 (èrshēng) 上聲 / 上声 (shǎngshēng)三聲 / 三声 (sānshēng) 去聲 / 去声 (qùshēng)四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) 輕聲 / 轻声 (qīngshēng)

• → Proto-Tai: *rɤmᴮ (“shade”)
  • Thai: ร่ม (rôm, “shade, umbrella, parachute”)

• “陰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014-
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04425

(Jōyō kanji)

1. shade
2. dark, gloomy
3. hidden, invisible
4. negative, yin (in contrast to yang)

• Go-on: おん (on)←おん (on, historical)←おむ (omu, ancient)
• Kan-on: いん (in, Jōyō)←いん (in, historical)←いむ (imu, ancient)
• Kun: かげ (kage, 陰, Jōyō)、かげる (kageru, 陰る, Jōyō)、くらい (kurai, 陰い)、ほと (hoto, 陰)

• 阴

Kanji in this term 陰 かげGrade: S kun’yomi Alternative spelling 翳

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kankay. Cognate with 影(かげ) (kage, “shadow”).[1][2]

• (Tokyo) かげ [káꜜgè] (Atamadaka – [1])[3][4]
• IPA(key): [ka̠ɡe̞]

陰(かげ) • (kage)

1. shadow, shade 木(き)の陰(かげ)ki no kagea shadow of a tree
2. hidden side 陰(かげ)で動(うご)き回(まわ)るkage de ugoki mawarumaneuver in a hidden side 陰(かげ)の支(し)配(はい)者(しゃ)kage no shihaishaa hidden ruler

• 陽(ひなた) (hinata, “sunny place, visible side”)

• 影(かげ) (kage)

Kanji in this term 陰 いんGrade: S kun’yomi

From Middle Chinese 陰 (ʔˠiɪm).

• (Tokyo) いん [íꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[3][4]
• IPA(key): [ĩɴ]

陰(いん) • (in)

1. shade, shadow
2. shadow of the sun; (figuratively) time
3. hidden, invisible, secret
4. genitalia
5. negative; “female”; quiescent; minus
6. (philosophy) yin
7. north side of mountain; south side of water
8. the moon

陰(いん) • (in)

1. (philosophy) yin
2. (literary) shady area; (as 陰(いん)に (in ni)) in the shade; secretly; in private

Kanji in this term 陰 ほとGrade: S kun’yomi

/hoto2/: *[potə] → [ɸoto] → [hoto].

As indicated in the Wamyōshō citation, /to2/ may be related to 処(と) (/to1/, “place, location”), but the phonological difference can not be explained. Perhaps related to Korean 보지 (boji, “vagina”).

• IPA(key): [ho̞to̞]

陰(ほと) • (hoto)

1. female genitalia
   • 712, Kojiki:
   • 712, Kojiki:
2. (by extension) male genitalia Synonyms: see Thesaurus:陰茎

• べべ (bebe)
• へへ (hehe)
• まんこ (manko)
• みと (mito)
• おまんこ (omanko)
• おめこ (omeko)
• おそそ (ososo)
• つび (tsubi)

• “陰”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[4] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015-2026
• Kurano, Kenji with Yūkichi Takeda (712), Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Kojiki, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1958, →ISBN, page 224
• Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931-938), Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.

• 隂

From Middle Chinese 陰 (MC ‘im).

Recorded as Middle Korean 隂/ᅙᅳᆷ (Yale: qum) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Recorded as Middle Korean 隂/음 (um) (Yale: um) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

陰 (eumhun 그늘 음 (geuneul eum))

1. hanja form? of 음 (“dark; shady”)

Related to Middle Chinese 闇 (MC ‘omH, “dark; gloomy”).

陰 (eumhun 침묵할 암 (chimmukhal am))

1. (archaic) hanja form? of 암 (“to be silent”)

• 噤, 금 (geum)
• 喑, 음 (eum)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [5]

(Jōyō kanji)

• 陰(ほー)目(みー) (hōmī, “vagina”)

Cognate with Japanese 陰 (hoto).

陰(ほー) (hō)

1. female genitalia

• Kokuritsu Kokugo Kenkyūjo (国立国語研究所) (1963), 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawa-go Jiten) [Dictionary of the Okinawan Language] (in Japanese), Tokyo (東京): Okurashō Insatsu Kyoku (財務省印刷局)

陰: Hán Nôm readings: âm, ơm

1. chữ Hán form of âm (“yin”)

• âm lịch (陰曆, “lunar calendar”)
• hội âm (會陰, “perineum”)