禮 U+79AE, 禮 ← 禭[U+79AD] CJK Unified Ideographs 禯 →[U+79AF] 禮 U+F9B6, 禮 ← 例[U+F9B5] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 醴 →[U+F9B7] Traditional 禮 Simplified 礼 Japanese 礼 Korean 禮
In Traditional Chinese, the component on the left of U+79AE is 礻. In Korean hanja and Japanese kyūjitai, the component on the left of U+79AE is 示 rather than 礻, which is also the historical form that appears in the Kangxi dictionary. A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+F9B6 to reflect the form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
禮 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+13, 18 strokes, Cangjie input 戈火廿田廿 (IFTWT), four-corner 35218, composition ⿰礻豊(GHTV) or ⿰示豊(JK or U+F9B6))
- 𡅏, 𡓾, 𡤠, 𢹿, 𣠲, 𧕬, 𨰋
- 礼 (Japanese shinjitai and Simplified Chinese)
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 847, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24844
- Dae Jaweon: page 1268, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2409, character 14
- Unihan data for U+79AE
- Unihan data for U+F9B6
trad. 禮 simp. 礼 alternative forms
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *riːʔ) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): semantic 礻 (“altar”) + phonetic 豊 (OC *riːʔ, “ceremony”) – performing rites at the altar.
Originally written 豊, see there for more.
Uncertain. Schuessler (2007) proposes that this is an old areal etymon. Compare Tibetan ཞེ་ས (zhe sa, “respect, honor, deference”), རྗེ་བོ (rje bo, “lord, nobleman”), རྗེད (rjed, “to honor; reverence”); Mru [script needed] (ri, “ritual”) is possibly borrowed from Austroasiatic (cf. Mon [script needed] (rèh seh, “to respect, to revere”); Thin Khmu [script needed] (rɛh, “to lift up”); both from Proto-Mon-Khmer *reh (“to raise up, to exalt”)).
禮
- ritual; rite; ceremony 婚禮／婚礼 ― hūnlǐ ― wedding 喪禮／丧礼 ― sānglǐ ― funeral
- 我孔熯矣、式禮莫愆。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]我孔熯矣、式礼莫愆。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge’s versionWǒ kǒng shàn yǐ, shì lǐ mò qiān. [Pinyin]We are very much exhausted, and have performed every ceremony without error.
- 卒廷見相如，畢禮而歸之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]卒廷见相如，毕礼而归之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCEZú tíng jiàn Xiāngrú, bì lǐ ér guī zhī. [Pinyin]In the end, (King Zhaoxiang of Qin) granted (Lin) Xiangru an audience at his court, completed the ceremonies, and sent him back.
- rules of etiquette; rules of propriety
- 夫子循循然善誘人，博我以文，約我以禮。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]夫子循循然善诱人，博我以文，约我以礼。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge’s versionFūzǐ xúnxún rán shànyòu rén, bó wǒ yǐ wén, yuē wǒ yǐ lǐ. [Pinyin]The Master, by orderly method, skillfully leads men on. He enlarged my mind with learning, and taught me the restraints of propriety.
- 夫禮者，所以定親疏，決嫌疑，別同異，明是非也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]夫礼者，所以定亲疏，决嫌疑，别同异，明是非也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCEFú lǐ zhě, suǒyǐ dìng qīnshū, jué xiányí, bié tóngyì, míng shìfēi yě. [Pinyin]They are the rules of propriety, that furnish the means of determining (the observances towards) relatives, as near and remote; of settling points which may cause suspicion or doubt; of distinguishing where there should be agreement, and where difference; and of making clear what is right and what is wrong.
- courtesy; etiquette; manners 敬禮／敬礼 ― jìnglǐ ― to salute 禮多人不怪／礼多人不怪 ― lǐduōrénbùguài ― nobody will find fault with extra courtesy
- present; gift (Classifier: 份 m c) 禮物／礼物 ― lǐwù ― gift
- to treat with respect and courtesy 敬賢禮士／敬贤礼士 ― jìngxiánlǐshì ― to treat worthies and intellectuals respectfully and courteously
- 48th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; “ritual” (𝌵)
- a surname
Usually, a single 禮／礼 (lǐ) refers to a gift that involves more serious social interaction. For gifts between friends, 禮物／礼物 (lǐwù) is used instead.
- “禮”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014-
Shinjitai
礼
Kyūjitai
禮
(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 礼)
- Kyūjitai form of 礼 (“propriety; courtesy; politeness; etiquette”)
- Go-on: らい (rai)
- Kan-on: れい (rei)
- Nanori: ひろ (hiro)、れ (re)
From Middle Chinese 禮 (MC lejX).
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾje̞] ~ [je̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [례/예]
禮 (eumhun 례도/예도 례 (ryedo/yedo rye), word-initial (South Korea) 례도/예도 예 (ryedo/yedo ye))
- hanja form? of 례/예 (“manners; etiquette”)
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
chữ Hán Nôm in this term禮
禮: Hán Việt readings: lễ (里(lí)弟(đệ)切(thiết))[1][2][3] 禮: Nôm readings: lễ[1][2][4], lạy[3][5], lẻ[1][3][5][4], lẫy[2][3][5][4], rẽ[2][3], rẩy[2][5], lẩy[3][5], lãi[3][4], lể[5][4], lởi[3], lỡi[3], lấy[3], lảy[4], rẻ[4]
- chữ Hán form of lễ (“ritual; etiquette; to kowtow; an offering; ceremony”)
- chữ Nôm form of lạy (“to kowtow”)
- chữ Nôm form of lẻ (“odd (not divisible by two)”)
